Estado metabólico y su relación con el consumo máximo de oxígeno en diabéticos tipo 2, corredores y sedentarios sanos.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70208/3007.8245.v5.n3.288Palabras clave:
V̇O₂ máx, diabetes mellitus, lípidos sanguíneos, sedentarismo, ejercicio aeróbicoResumen
Objetivo: Evaluar el V̇O₂ máx y los lípidos sanguíneos (colesterol total = CT, colesterol de lipoproteínas de alta densidad = HDLc, colesterol de lipoproteínas de baja densidad = LDLc, triglicéridos = TG en 19 sujetos diabéticos, 19 sedentarios y 19 corredores de largas distancias. Métodos Los diabéticos con 5-10 años de evolución no eran obesos (grasa corporal < 28%) y mantenían un control metabólico irregular (HbA1c > 7%). Los atletas tenían más de cinco años de entrenamiento ininterrumpido. Los diabéticos tenían un V̇O₂ máx significativamente menor que los otros grupos. Resultados. La media ± SEM (mL/kg/min) fue de 30.5 ± 1.6 en diabéticos, 41.3 ± 2.3 en controles y 54.2 ± 2.5 en deportistas. Se observaron diferencias significativas entre grupos en TG (218±44 en diabéticos frente a 106±16 en controles y 94±10 mg/dL en deportistas) y en HDLc (27.3±4.3 en diabetes frente a 34.1 ±4.3 y 43.9±6.3 mg/dL). Conclusión. Estos datos sugieren que el sedentarismo y un bajo V̇O₂ máx pueden ser factores de riesgo significativos en diabéticos. Un programa aeróbico para ellos podría quizás cambiar sus lípidos sanguíneos de forma favorable, ya que su V̇O₂ máx se correlacionó significativamente con TG (r = -0.45), HDL (r = 0.52) y la relación TC/HDL (r = -0.57).
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