Velocidad de la onda de pulso carótido-femoral como biomarcador de rigidez arterial y adaptación cardiovascular inducida por el ejercicio en atletas: una revisión basada en PRISMA y una propuesta de consenso Mexicano
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70208/3007.8245.v6.n1.340Keywords:
Velocidad de la onda de pulso, rigidez arterial, hemodinamia, metabolismo, ejercicioAbstract
Antecedentes: La velocidad de la onda de pulso (VOP) es el marcador no invasivo más robusto de rigidez arterial y un predictor independiente de eventos cardiovasculares. Objetivo: Analizar las asociaciones entre la VOP y las variables hemodinámicas, hematológicas y metabólicas, y sintetizar la evidencia a través de una revisión sistemática basada en PRISMA para informar un consenso práctico aplicable a México. Método: Marco observacional y analítico integrado con una revisión sistemática PRISMA 2020 de ensayos aleatorizados y metaanálisis sobre ejercicio y VOP. Resultados: La VOP se asoció significativamente con la presión arterial media, el cLDL, los triglicéridos, la glucosa y el hematocrito. El ejercicio aeróbico redujo consistentemente la VOP (−0.6 a −1.3 m/s), mientras que el entrenamiento de resistencia de alta intensidad mostró efectos neutrales o adversos dependiendo de la rigidez basal. Conclusiones: La VOP debe incorporarse sistemáticamente en la evaluación cardiovascular de los atletas, estratificada por modalidad de entrenamiento. Esta revisión basada en PRISMA resume la evidencia sobre la VOP cf en atletas y propone recomendaciones de consenso para México.
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