Optimización del rendimiento económico marginal en proyectos de saneamiento modular mediante funciones multivariables
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70208/3007.8245.v6.n1.402Keywords:
economic optimization, sanitation systems, marginal benefit, infrastructure investment, multivariate modelsAbstract
This study develops a technical-financial methodology for the economic prioritization of construction modules in a sanitation project, aimed at maximizing economic performance and optimizing investment recovery. The proposal is based on the concept of marginal benefit applied to modular systems, using a multivariable function approach that integrates key variables such as flow rate, user density, and investment. A composite parameter (C) is introduced that represents the potential economic performance of each module, defined as the ratio between hydraulic contribution, population density, and investment cost. The methodology establishes an iterative process of progressive optimization, in which modules are prioritized according to their relative marginal increase (ΔC/C), evaluating their incremental contribution to the system as new construction units are integrated. The model incorporates the effect of economies of scale through the proportional distribution of interconnection costs, allowing for a more realistic evaluation of the overall economic benefit. Furthermore, it recognizes the greater sensitivity of performance to variations in investment, penalizing solutions with a high relative cost. As a result, an optimal execution sequence is obtained that prioritizes investments with the highest early economic return, improves the repayment profile of the financing, and ensures technical consistency in the expansion of the sanitation system. The methodology also provides traceability, transparency, and technical support for strategic decision-making in sanitation infrastructure projects.
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